(1) 피동 passive
Passive verbs are used when the object becomes the subject. Usually, it is expressed when joined with '아 있다/어 있다/해 있다.'
기본형 |
피동형 |
| 앤디 씨가 문을 열었어요.(열다) Andy opened the door. (to open) |
문이 저절로 열렸어요.(열리다) The door opened automatically. (opened) |
| 안나 씨가 운동화 끈을 풀었어요.(풀다) Anna undid her shoestrings. (to undo) |
운동화 끈이 풀렸어요.(풀리다) Her shoestrings got untied. (got untied) |
| 수미 씨가 옷걸이에 옷을 걸었어요.(걸다) Sumi hung her clothes on the hanger. (to hang) |
옷걸이에 옷이 걸려 있어요.(걸리다) The clothes are hung on the hanger. (hung) |
| 미나 씨가 가방 끈을 묶었어요.(묶다) Mina tied the strings on her bag. (to tie) |
가방 끈이 묶여 있어요.(묶이다) The strings on her bags were tied. (to be tied) |
| 민수가 책을 책상 위에 놓았어요.(놓다) Minsoo laid the books on the desk. (to lay) |
책이 책상 위에 놓여 있어요.(놓이다) The books were laid on the desk. (to be laid) |
| 유나가 창문을 닫았어요.(닫다) Yuna closed the windows. (to close) |
바람에 창문이 닫혔어요.(닫히다) The windows closed because of the wind. (to be closed) |
| 엄마가 꽃병에 꽃을 꽂으셨어요.(꽂다) Mom (put)stuck the flowers in the vase. (to put) |
꽃이 꽃병에 꽂혀 있어요.(꽂히다) The flowers were stuck (put) on the vase. (to be stuck) |
| 유민이가 텔레비전을 켰어요.(켜다) Yumin turned on the television. (to turn on) |
텔레비전이 켜져 있어요.(켜지다) The television was turned on. (to be turned on) |
| 아빠가 텔레비전을 끄셨어요.(끄다) Dad turned off the television. (to turn off) |
텔레비전이 갑자기 꺼졌어요.(꺼지다) The television suddenly turned off. (to be turned off) |
| 소라가 꽃 그림을 그렸어요.(그리다) Sora drew a picture of a flower. (to draw |
책에 꽃 그림이 그려져 있어요.(그려지다) There is a picture of flower drawn on the book. (to be drawn) |
| 마이클 씨가 종이를 찢었어요.(찢다) Michael ripped a paper. (to rip) |
종이가 찢어졌어요.(찢어지다) The paper was ripped. (to be ripped) |
| 유민이가 야구하다가 창문을
깼어요.(깨다) Yumin broke a window while playing baseball. (to break) |
창문이 깨졌어요.(깨지다) The window got broken. (to get broken) |
(2) 별로 -지 않다 not particularly (that much)
The adverb '별로' is followed usually by a negative form '-지 않다', and express the negation partially.
여성이 화폐에 그려져 있는 경우는 별로 많지 않다.
It is not particularly common to see women appear on a currency.
저는 고기를 별로 좋아하지 않아요.
I don't like meat that much.
그 신발은 별로 작지 않아요.
Those shoes aren't particularly small.
그 시험은 별로 어렵지 않았어요.
The exam wasn't particularly hard.
저는 그 사람을 별로 만나고 싶지 않아요.
I don't particularly want to meet that person.